Berggren, J.L. (2025, November 12). modular arithmetic. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/modular-arithmetic
Bullynck, M. (2009). Modular arithmetic before C.F. Gauss: Systematizations and discussions on remainder problems in 18th-century Germany. Science Direct. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0315086008000670
O’Connor, J., & Robertson, E. (1996). Carl Friedrich Gauss – biography. MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive. https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Gauss/
Taylor, R. (2012). Modular arithmetic: Driven by inherent beauty and human curiosity. Institute for Advanced Study. https://www.ias.edu/ideas/2012/taylor-modular-arithmetic